Section C – Verbal Ability and Logical Reasoning

93. Classify following sentences into Fact (F), Judgment (J) and Inference (I) based on the definitions provided below, and choose the most suitable sequence among the given options.

Fact (F): If it is to a known matter of direct observation, or an existing reality or something known to be true.

Judgment (J): If it is an opinion or estimate or anticipation of common sense or intention.

Inference (I): If it is logical conclusion or deduction about something based on the knowledge of facts.

(i) Proper allocation of resources is required for the overall development of our economy.

(ii) Government has decided to allocate the gas from KG basin to power and fertiliser sector.

(iii) A court decision against the declared policy guideline can result in government intervention in the form of an appeal.

(iv) Some section of the society may consider this decision as a deliberate attempt to protect some private interest.

A. IFIJ B. FFJJ C. JFJI D. JFFI E. FFII

Solution:

Statement (i) is an inference since it is an understanding of facts (not stated here) – ‘proper allocation’ ‘overall development’ are all phrases which are based on agreed parameters.

Statement (ii) is a fact since it is open to verification whether the government has done what is stated.

Statement (iii) is also an inference when the speaker says ‘A court decision . . . can result . . .‘ it is conclusion based on earlier experiences of similar happenings (which are facts)

Statement (iv) is the author’s estimation of what ‘some people’ may consider this to be – hence judgement – IFIJ. Choice (A)